WHI.6e, f - Roman Empire and Pax Romana

The student will apply social science skills to understand ancient Rome from about 700 B.C. (B.C.E.) to 500 A.D. (C.E.) in terms of its impact on Western civilization by

e) describing and evaluating the political structure of the Roman Empire under the role of Augustus Caesar;

f) assessing the economic structure of Rome, Rome’s imperial conquests, and the Pax Romana;

The Roman Republic, in the face of changing social and economic conditions, succumbed to civil war and was replaced by an imperial regime, the Roman Empire.

The origin and evolution of Imperial Rome

 Augustus Caesar: Civil war; defeat of Marc Antony; became Rome’s first emperor

 Empire: Unified and enlarged, using imperial authority and the military

 Failure to provide for peaceful succession of emperors

The Pax Romana

 Two centuries of peace and prosperity under imperial rule

 Expansion and solidification of the Roman Empire, particularly in the Near East

Economic impact of the Pax Romana

 Established uniform system of money, which helped to expand trade

 Guaranteed safe travel and trade on Roman roads

 Promoted prosperity and stability

Social impact of the Pax Romana

 Returned stability to social classes

 Increased emphasis on the family

Political impact of the Pax Romana

 Created a civil service

 Developed a uniform rule of law

Terms

Veto (6a)

Checks and balances (6a)

Roman mythology (6b)

Twelve Tables (6b)

Roman Republic (6c,e,f)

Patricians (6c)

Plebeians (6c)

Punic Wars (6d)

Legion (6d)

Representative democracy (6c)

Consuls (6c)

Senate (6c)

Roman Empire (6e-k)

Inflation (6e)

Roman Civil War (6f)

Triumvirate (6f)

Pax Romana (6g)

Messiah (6h)

New Testament (6h)

Pope (6h)

Apostles (6h)

Martyrs (6h)

Aeneid (6j)

Pantheon (6j)

Aqueduct (6j)

Colosseum (6j)

Forum (6j)

People

Hannibal (6d)

Julius Caesar (6e,f)

Augustus Caesar (6e-g)

Marc Anthony (6e,f)

Jesus (6h)

Paul (6h)

Constantine (6i,k)

Diocletian (6i,k)

Virgil (6j)

Ptolemy (6j)

Places

Rome (6a,c-k)

Italian Peninsula (6a,d)

Alps (6a)

Mediterranean Sea (6a)

Gaul (6d)

British Isles (6d)

Carthage (6d)

Western Roman Empire (6k)

Byzantium (6k)

Constantinople (6k)